I am curious as if people think this info is good and worth reading. I'll explain why later on.
Yes, the info is worth reading.
Since the 1st day that Murray became the "executor of MJ" some words ring my bells.
During the research, I tried to find similarities on the case by triying to understand, from the hoax point of view, how MJ would "heal the world" or send a message based on something regarding human rights.
This post of mine may be is not interesting (if fits better in other thread, please, feel free to move it
), or have nothing to do with the question you want to accomplished. Who knows! may be is even extremely boring, but I´ll take the time to post it, because imo, it is relevant to may be understand the issue concerning
MJ-->drugs given-->how the drugs were administered outside the hospital by a non qualified anestesiologist-->Murray being judge by it.Having the bedroom picture on mind,
I do see some similarities within the sedatives administered and their reaction to the body of the intaker and how those drugs were administered with a more complex scenario that leads to the same end "
Lethal Dose"
HOSPIRA, INC. and LETHAL INJECTION DRUGS: On March 31, 2010, Hospira Inc., the pharmaceutical company that manufactures all three lethal injection drugs, and the only US manufacturer of the anesthetic sodium thiopental, sent a letter to state departments of correction, stating their
objection to the use of these
drugs for executions. A shortage of sodium thiopental, used in both the three and one-drug protocols, may have prompted this letter, but the objection was to the use of any of the drugs for capital punishment purposes.
Lethal injection can cause excruciating pain. Since the first lethal injection on December 7, 1982, over 1,000 prisoners in the USA have been executed by this method and it has all but replaced other methods of execution.
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LoginLethal injection is the practice of injecting a person with a fatal dose of drugs (typically a
barbiturate, paralytic, and potassium
solution) for the express purpose of causing the immediate death of the subject. The main application for this procedure is capital punishment, but the term may also be applied in a broad sense to euthanasia and suicide.
It kills the person by first putting the person to sleep, then stopping the breathing and heart in that order.You are not allowed to view links.
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LoginBarbiturates are drugs that act as central nervous system depressants, and, by virtue of this, they produce a wide spectrum of effects, from mild sedation to total anesthesia. They are also effective as
anxiolytics, as hypnotics, and as anticonvulsants. They have addiction potential, both physical and psychological.
Barbiturates have now largely been replaced by benzodiazepines in routine medical practice - for example, in the
treatment of
anxiety and insomnia – mainly because benzodiazepines are significantly less dangerous in overdose. However, barbiturates are still used in general anesthesia, as well as for epilepsy. Barbiturates are derivatives of barbituric acid.
Neuromuscular blocking drugs block neuromuscular transmission at the neuromuscular junction,[1] causing paralysis of the affected skeletal muscles. This is accomplished either by acting presynaptically via the inhibition of acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis or release, or by acting postsynaptically at the acetylcholine receptors of the motor nerve end-plate. While there are drugs that act presynaptically (such as botulinum toxin and tetrodotoxin), the clinically-relevant drugs work postsynaptically.
Clinically,
neuromuscular block is used adjunctively to anesthesia to produce paralysis, so that surgery, especially intra-abdominal and intra-thoracic surgeries, can be conducted with fewer complications. Because the appropriate dose of neuromuscular blocking drug may paralyze muscles required for breathing (i.e. the diaphragm),
mechanical ventilation should be available to maintain adequate respiration.Patients are still aware of pain even after full conduction block has occurred; hence, general anesthetics and/or analgesics must be given to prevent anesthesia awareness.
Quaternary ammonium muscle relaxants are quaternary ammonium salts used as drugs for muscle relaxation, most commonly in anesthesia.
The majority of the
potassium chloride produced is used for making fertilizer, since the growth of many plants is limited by their potassium intake. As a chemical feedstock it is used for the manufacture of potassium hydroxide and potassium metal.
It is also used in medicine, scientific applications, food processing, and as a sodium-free substitute for table salt (sodium chloride).
Potassium chloride is used as the third of a three-drug combination in lethal injection.
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LoginThe Process
# The prisoner is bound to a gurney; two needles are inserted into the prisoner's veins and a saline solution is injected.
# Sodium thiopental, an anesthetic, is injected to put the prisoner to sleep.
# Pavulon, or pancuronium bromide, is released, inducing paralysis and stopping breathing.
# Finally, the flow of potassium chloride stops the heart. This chemical can cause excruciating pain if the prisoner is still conscious.
The Potential Problems
# The prisoner resists and delays establishment of an intravenous line.
# The execution team is not able to find a suitable vein.
# The mixture or composition of drugs is wrong.
# The direction of flow of the injection is wrong.
# The chemicals are directed into tissue rather than a vein.
# The prisoner does not react normally to the drugs.
The Results
# If not rendered unconscious, the inmate will feel excruciating pain; if paralyzed by the pancuronium bromide, the inmate will be unable to show this pain.
# Some executions have lasted between 20 minutes to over an hour and prisoners have been seen gasping for air, grimacing and convulsing during executions.
# Autopsies have shown severe, foot long chemical burns to the skin and needles have been found in soft tissue.
CONCERNS:
Misunderstanding the cruel, inhuman and degrading nature of the death penalty.
By focusing on a presumed reduction in pain suffered during lethal injection, proponents of this method disregard the suffering inflicted on prisoners throughout the entire death penalty process.
The involvement of health personnel in executions.
Virtually all codes of professional ethics which consider the death penalty oppose health professional participation. Despite this, health professionals are required by law in many death penalty states to assist executions and in some cases have carried out the killings.
The potential for physical suffering
A number of lethal injections in the USA have been botched and caused visible suffering. In addition, a number of recent court challenges have been based on inherent potential problems with the method, notably that the use of a paralysing agent in the lethal mixture could mask any suffering caused by the execution.
Not a humane mixture for euthanizing animals.
Because of the potential for masking pain, the American Veterinary Medical Association has rejected the use of paralyzing agents like pancuronium bromide in animal euthanasia. In states like Tennessee and Texas pancuronium bromide is banned for use on animals; yet it continues to be used on humans.
Statements of U.S. Health Professional Associations on Participation in Executions
* American Medical Association: A physician, as a member of a profession dedicated to preserving life when there is hope of doing so, should not be a participant in a legally authorized execution. * American Nurses Association: The American Nurses Association (ANA) is strongly opposed to nurse participation in capital punishment. Participation in executions is viewed as contrary to the fundamental goals and ethical traditions of the profession. (Summary, login required to view full statement)
* American College of Physicians: Participation by physicians in the execution of prisoners except to certify death is unethical. * American Public Health Association: The APHA publicly reaffirm its March 1994 collaborative statement to all health professional societies and state licensing and discipline boards that health professional participation in executions or pre-execution procedures is a serious violation of ethical codes and should be grounds for active disciplinary proceedings including expulsion from society membership and license revocation. * National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians: The National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians (NAEMT) is strongly opposed to participation in capital punishment by an EMT, Paramedic or other emergency medical professional. Participation in executions is viewed as contrary to the fundamental goals and ethical obligations of emergency medical services.
* American Society of Anesthesiologists: Although lethal injection mimics certain technical aspects of the practice of anesthesia, capital punishment in any form is not the practice of medicine ... ASA continues to agree with the position of the American Medical Association on physician involvement in capital punishment. ASA strongly discourages participation by anesthesiologists in executions. (emphasis in original)
* Society of Correctional Physicians: The correctional health professional shall ... Not be involved in any aspect of execution of the death penalty. Are you following me?