Quote from: "ignisaeternus"Thanks for your research, ladymjc. I agree that Michael is alive, but I am not sure things went down the way you theorized.
Flumazenil usually acts pretty fast- most of the time within 3 minutes:
http://www.drugs.com/pro/flumazenil-injection.html
I think there would have been too many risk factors and the timing could not have gone down to the minute as Michael had planned (and as TS pointed out, both the call at 12:21 and the time of death 2:26 had to be locked in place by people in the "know." )
Also, I just want to point out that propfol is not used as treatment for insomnia as it does not produce REM sleep. I think the reason Michael chose propofol overdose as cause of death was so people would figure out that it made zero sense for him to ask for propofol or be "addicted" to it (as reported by some), as he would have figured out pretty soon that he did not wake up rested. Also, it had long term movement coordination side effects. Would Michael whose dancing was a form of self expression and communication as well as part of his spirituality really risk that for a "sleep agent" that would not let him sleep? I think this medication was chosen on purpose as just another red flag for people to scratch their heads and go "what?" Only- look how many swallowed it hook, line, and sinker...just because it was "written in a magazine and shown on a tv screen"...- the research is easy enough to come by for anyone as we know. If you look, you will find. If you just swallow what you are fed- you will stay blind!
@Michaelsupporter: AMEN! Absolutely!
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That is all very correct. But I want to run one more thing by you and see if it makes sense. You know how they said that MJ had 8 other doctors and 1 other nurse taking care of him as well? One of them said that MJ had asked her to give him Diprivan, but she said no. How could he request that of her if she was a nutritionist? Why was he requesting Deprivan?
I personally don't think he was sick. I think they were working for him formulating these medications into the right dosage for this to work.
(GABA[A]) receptors in the central nervous system are thought to be a potential target site of action for general anesthetics. Extensive studies have shown that benzodiazepines (midazolam and lorazepam) and propofol, bind to their allosteric sites at GABA[A]receptors, and potentiate GABA-activated chloride currents . These anesthetics are occasionally co-administered for induction or maintenance of anesthesia, presumably to facilitate a smooth and rapid induction or to reduce adverse effects by a single agent used at high doses. Several clinical studies have reported that midazolam combined with propofol synergistically potentiates their hypnotic effects.
Propofol has a rapid onset within 40 seconds and if it was just injected once he would be awake within 8 minutes. BUT Murray had him hooked to an IV which could have kept him under sedation for much longer which means there would be no reason for the other sedatives. Here is some information on a study someone did on the difference between long term sedation of propofol vs midazolam. http://www.springerlink.com/content/ajy5xd67d6xlmybb/.
If they had the times pinpointed to the exact moment it needed to happen, then they had to have the exact dosages of each of these medications and knowing their effects on each other, the times of these effects and what each one actually is. The word propofol is used to describe the medicine, but it isn't actual propofol. That was taken off the market, emulsified and relaunched in 1986 under the name Diprivan which is only 1% propofol. It is also said that Murray had diluted the 25mg of "propofol" with lidocaine and in a study they found that the addition of lidocaine to propofol causes destabilization of the emulsion and reduces anesthetic potency. It is also a lot lower dose than the 50mg he was supposedly giving him previously in the last 6 weeks because he thought Michael was getting addicted.
So if Murray was giving him doses of the benzos from 3am - 7:30am and he still couldn't sleep then he wasn't giving him much at all, just enough to keep it in his system. Then at 10:40 he started the IV of propofol with lidocaine which would only be .25% propofol. The plasma concentrations of propofol and midazolam required for hypnosis (loss of responses to verbal command) in humans has been reported to be 2-5 mg/ml and 0.6-1 mg/ml. If they had constructed the timing of the doses and the dose amount perfectly, then by the time MJ drank the midazolam of the usual dose 0.5-0.75mg/kg.1 with onset of action 10-20 minutes, and duration of sedation 20 minutes to 3 hours combined synergistically with the mg dosage of propofol having an onset within 40 seconds then as soon as Murray put in the IV Mike was out! Which means he would have had to inject himself with the flumazenil first. Flumazenil antagonizes the effects of benzodiazepines on the CNS by competitively inhibiting their action at the benzodiazepine recognition site on the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor complex. BUT does not antagonize the CNS effects of general anesthetics such as Diprivan "propofol". Depending on the dose, there will be partial or complete antagonism of sedation, impaired recall, and psychomotor impairment. The duration of reversal is related to the plasma levels of the benzodiazepine and the dose of flumazenil. Distribution t 1/2, initial: 7-15 min; terminal t 1/2: 41-79 min.
What all of this means basically is during the 4 1/2 hours Murray was administering the very light doses of benzodiazepines (6mg total) they were reaching at almost 100% plasma levels. If they were at 100% by the time that MJ had injected the 2mg of Flumazenil, the reversal for the benzos would be terminal (100%) 1/2 41-79 minutes. If Murray had started the IV drip at 10:40 putting MJ to sleep that means he was going into a deep unconsciousness by 12:21, and the flumazenil would be reversing the effects of the benzos but not the Diprivan. He would still appear to be in a coma state. But by the time he arrived at the hospital because Murray had diluted the propofol he wouldn't have been as deeply sedated as he would be if it was used as an independent agent.
